How the Simulation Works

This simulation demonstrates the behavior of a **thin convex lens** using realistic ray tracing physics. You can interact with different light sources and observe how rays are refracted (bent) as they pass through the lens.

Control Guide

  • Ray Mode:Choose between a parallel beam of light (like from the sun), a single adjustable ray, or a point source that emits rays in multiple directions.
  • Focal Length:Adjust this slider to change the lens's optical power. A shorter focal length corresponds to a 'stronger' or thicker lens that bends light more sharply.
  • Lens Position:This slider moves the lens horizontally. You can also click and drag the lens directly on the canvas.
  • Ray Density:In "Parallel Beam" and "Point Source" modes, this controls the number of light rays shown for better visualization.
  • Interactive Elements:Click and drag the lens or point source (when in point source mode) to reposition them dynamically.

Physics Concepts

This simulator accurately demonstrates several key concepts in geometric optics:

  • Refraction:Light rays bend when passing through the lens due to the change in optical density.
  • Focal Points:The simulation shows both focal points (F and F') on either side of the lens.
  • Ray Tracing:Different ray paths help visualize how images are formed by convex lenses.
  • Lens Power:The relationship between focal length and the lens's ability to converge light rays.